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Middle class mobility vs the K-shaped ghost by Ashima Goyal

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Summary

The post Middle class mobility vs the K-shaped ghost by Ashima Goyal appeared first on Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research.

Key Facts

TypeAnalysis

SourceIGIDR

PublishedTuesday, 1 September 2026

Affected Population~1 million researchers, R&D ecosystem

Key Numbers

R&D spending: 0.7% of GDP

Gaganyaan: Rs 12,000 crore investment

India Innovation Index: 40th globally (2024)

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Government Context

NDA IIIBJP-led NDA

Centre-Right

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Science & Innovation62 tracked→

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