Policy Comparisons
Cross-tabulate policy activity across government eras, sectors, types, and sources
Data coverage caveat: These comparisons reflect policies available in digital archives, not total policy output.
Pre-2014 eras (especially UPA I & II) are significantly underrepresented because government digital portals have limited historical archival.
Higher numbers in NDA eras do not necessarily mean more policymaking — they reflect better digital availability.
Read full methodology
Government Era Overview
UPA I Congress-led UPA 12 policies tracked 2004–2009
UPA II Congress-led UPA 10 policies tracked 2009–2014
NDA I BJP-led NDA 5 policies tracked 2014–2019
NDA II BJP-led NDA 0 policies tracked 2019–2024
NDA III BJP-led NDA 2000 policies tracked 2024–Present
Sectors Across Eras
Policy activity heatmap — darker cells indicate more policies tracked in that sector during that government era.
| Sector | UPA I | UPA II | NDA I | NDA II | NDA III | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Protection | 5 | 2 | 1278 | 1285 | ||
| Digital & Technology | 2 | 1 | 1232 | 1235 | ||
| Energy | 1 | 1 | 379 | 381 | ||
| Finance & Economy | 2 | 3 | 266 | 271 | ||
| Governance & Reform | 3 | 7 | 4 | 232 | 246 | |
| Health | 3 | 167 | 170 | |||
| Transport & Infrastructure | 162 | 162 | ||||
| Education | 1 | 1 | 142 | 144 | ||
| Agriculture | 1 | 1 | 98 | 100 | ||
| Civil Liberties | 2 | 3 | 1 | 90 | 96 | |
| Labour & Employment | 1 | 1 | 82 | 84 | ||
| Climate & Environment | 2 | 2 | 64 | 68 | ||
| Science & Innovation | 1 | 61 | 62 | |||
| Gender & Women | 2 | 1 | 59 | 62 | ||
| Defence & Security | 61 | 61 |
Policy Types Across Eras
Distribution of legislation, schemes, notifications, and other policy types across government terms.
| Type | UPA I | UPA II | NDA I | NDA II | NDA III | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| legislation | 5 | 7 | 4 | 65 | 81 | |
| notification | 68 | 68 | ||||
| scheme | 5 | 3 | 101 | 109 | ||
| budget | 48 | 48 | ||||
| research | 1 | 86 | 87 | |||
| announcement | 143 | 143 | ||||
| policy | 1 | 1 | 1489 | 1491 |
Sources Across Eras
Which official sources contributed data in each government era.
| Source | UPA I | UPA II | NDA I | NDA II | NDA III | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Hindu | 342 | 342 | ||||
| DC RSS | 236 | 236 | ||||
| HT | 182 | 182 | ||||
| NDTV | 103 | 103 | ||||
| PIB | 91 | 91 | ||||
| News18 | 69 | 69 | ||||
| IT RSS | 67 | 67 | ||||
| IE | 59 | 59 | ||||
| BL | 56 | 56 | ||||
| NIC | 46 | 46 |