Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) — Aadhaar Project Launch
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Central or state Act — primary legislation passed by the legislature. Carries binding force and shapes the rules under which citizens, institutions, and markets operate.
Summary
Establishment of UIDAI under Nandan Nilekani to issue unique 12-digit identification numbers (Aadhaar) to all residents of India. Became the world's largest biometric ID system, later underpinning Direct Benefit Transfer and digital governance.