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ActHistoricalThursday, 1 April 1999

Total Sanitation Campaign (Later Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan)

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Central or state Act — primary legislation passed by the legislature. Carries binding force and shapes the rules under which citizens, institutions, and markets operate.

Summary

Campaign to eradicate open defecation through construction of individual household latrines, community sanitary complexes, and school sanitation. Predecessor to Swachh Bharat Mission. Introduced Nirmal Gram Puraskar awards.

Key Facts

TypeAct
SourceHistorical Record (Curated)
PublishedThursday, 1 April 1999
Affected Population~900 million rural households, 190 million lacking safe water

Key Numbers

Jal Jeevan Mission: Rs 60,000 crore/year
14.5 crore rural tap connections delivered
SBM 2.0: Rs 1.4 lakh crore outlay
PMAY-G: 2.95 crore houses sanctioned

Key Authorities

Ministry of Jal ShaktiCPCBCGWBMinistry of Rural DevelopmentMinistry of Panchayati Raj

Key Stakeholders

Rural HouseholdsUrban Water UtilitiesFarmers (Irrigation)Gram PanchayatsSHGsPatients

Government Context

NDA IIIBJP-led NDA
Centre-Right
LeftCentreRight

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